Research glossary

is the mechanism whereby an arrested person may be allowed to be outside custody pending trial. Bail can be
refused when there is a chance that the release of the accused will endanger the safety of the public or any particular
person; there is a chance that the accused will avoid his/her trial; there is a chance that the accused will attempt to
infl uence or intimidate witnesses, or cover and/or destroy evidence; there is a chance that the accused will undermine or
endanger the functioning of the justice system including the bail system; or there is a chance that the accused will disturb
public order or undermine public peace and security

“‘Best Practices’ refer to programs or components of programs or delivery methods that have been identified as most effective (i.e. produce significant reductions in poor outcomes or associated risk factors or significant increase in positive outcomes or associated protective factors) by repeated methodologically sound studies using an experimental (RCT [Randomized Controlled Trial]) or quasi-experimental design.”

“Bilateral violence is a controversial concept and experts do not agree about its characteristics. It occurs when both partners within a relationship are violent towards each other. Understanding this issue is challenging. Data on intimate partner violence are not always collected to reflect that relationships can be complex and dynamic. Data can also span a wide spectrum of behaviours, from unhealthy conflict (sometimes known as common couple violence) in a relationship to severe physical and psychological abuse (sometimes known as intimate terrorism).”

Fear and/or hatred of bisexuality, often exhibited by acts of name-calling, bullying, exclusion, prejudice, discrimination or through acts of violence. Anyone who is or is assumed to be bisexual or experiences attraction to multiple sexes and/or genders can be the target of biphobia.

“Bullying is characterized by acts of intentional harm, repeated over-time, in a relationship where an imbalance of power exists. It includes physical actions (punching, kicking, biting), verbal actions (threats, name calling, insults, racial or sexual comments), and social exclusion (spreading rumours, ignoring, gossiping, excluding).”